Battle of Pine Bluff

Other Names: Action at Pine Bluff

Location: Jefferson County, Arkansas

Campaign: Advance on Little Rock (1863)

Date: October 25, 1863

Principal Commanders: Col. Powell Clayton [US]; Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke [CS]

Forces Engaged: Pine Bluff Garrison (550 cavalry and militia, 300 freedmen) [US]; 2,000 cavalry, 12 guns [CS]

Casualties and losses: 97 total

Result(s): Union victory

Brief Description:

At 8:00 am, October 25, Col. Powell Clayton sent a company of cavalry toward Princeton which ran into Brig. Gen. John S. Marmaduke's men advancing. After some fire, the Rebels, under a flag of truce, came forward demanding surrender. Lt. M.F. Clark answered that there would be no surrender. Clayton slowly retreated back into Pine Bluff. In the meantime, about 300 African-American soldiers rolled cotton bales out of the warehouses for barricades to protect court square. After failing to take the square by force, the Rebels attempted to burn out the Union forces but to no avail. The Confederate forces retired, leaving Pine Bluff to the Federals.